A Durkheimian critique of contemporary multiculturalism.
對(duì)德克希姆當(dāng)代多元文化主義的批判
Multiculturalism has been under scrutiny and subject to heated debates by politicians, commentators, and academics over the past two decades. Behind these debates lie concerns about the erosion of social cohesion, national security, and economic problems. This article frames and explains the debates over cultural diversity from the perspective of Durkheimian functionalism. This article presents a systematic review of Durkheim's theory and debunks (mis)interpretations that transpose his notion of division of labour to cultural diversity. It is argued that the competitive nature of the global nation-state system poses challenges for sustaining cultural diversity within national borders. After contrasting the Durkheimian functionalist perspective on multiculturalism with contemporary social justice perspectives, the article highlights and analyses the pressure point between multiculturalism within and the competitive global nation-state system without.
摘要: 在過(guò)去的二十年里，多元文化主義受到了政治家、評(píng)論家和學(xué)者的密切關(guān)注和激烈辯論。這些爭(zhēng)論的背后是對(duì)社會(huì)凝聚力、國(guó)家安全和經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題受到多元文化主義侵蝕的擔(dān)憂。本文從德克希姆功能主義的角度對(duì)文化多樣性的爭(zhēng)論進(jìn)行了框定和解釋。本文系統(tǒng)地回顧了德克海姆的理論，并揭穿了其將勞動(dòng)分工觀念轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槲幕鄻有缘腻e(cuò)誤解釋。有人認(rèn)為，全球民族國(guó)家體系的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性質(zhì)對(duì)維持國(guó)家邊界內(nèi)的文化多樣性構(gòu)成了挑戰(zhàn)。本文將多文化主義的德克希姆功能主義觀點(diǎn)與當(dāng)代社會(huì)正義觀進(jìn)行了對(duì)比，重點(diǎn)分析了多元文化主義與競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性全球民族國(guó)家制度之間的壓力點(diǎn)。
作者: Sohrabi, Hadi1
作者單位: Department of Social Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia
來(lái)源: Ethnic & Racial Studies. Jun2019, Vol. 42 Issue 8, p1283-1304. 22p.
翻譯：周學(xué)文